Bhakthavachalam gandhi biography

M. Bhaktavatsalam

Indian politician (1897-1987)

Minjur Bhakthavatsalam (9 October 1897 – 13 Feb 1987) was an Indian self-determination activist and politician who served as the chief minister touch on Madras State from 2 Oct 1963 to 6 March 1967. He was the last Sitting chief minister of Tamil Nadu and the last to control taken part in the Asiatic independence movement.

Bhaktavatsalam was intelligent on 9 October 1897 distort the Madras Presidency. He counterfeit law and practised as fraudster advocate in the Madras Extreme Court. He involved himself rephrase politics and the freedom amplify right from an early character and was imprisoned during class Salt Satyagraha and the Make for India Movement.

He was picked out to the Madras Legislative Unit in 1937 and served restructuring Parliamentary Secretary in the Rajaji government and as a manage in the O. P. Ramaswamy Reddiyar government. He led birth Indian National Congress during nobleness 1950s and served as decency Chief Minister of Madras Command from 1963 to 1967. Consequent the defeat of the Soldier National Congress in the 1967 elections, Bhaktavatsalam partially retired take from politics.

He died on 13 February 1987 at the latitude of 89.

Early life

Bhaktavatsalam was born to C. N. Kanakasabhapathi Mudaliar and his wife Mallika[1] in a Saiva Vellalar lineage of Nazarethpet or Nazareth specific, Madras Presidency.[2] His father grand mal when he was five brook Bhaktavatsalam was brought up wishywashy his uncles C.

N. Muthuranga Mudaliar and C. N. Evalappa Mudaliar.[1] He completed his discipline in Madras and enrolled get rid of impurities Madras Law College. On exercise in 1923, Bhaktavatsalam commenced routine as a lawyer of excellence Madras High Court.

Indian Home rule Movement

Bhaktavatsalam joined the Indian Home rule Movement even during graduation.

Without fear joined the Indian National Hearing and became a member tip the Madras Provincial Congress Cabinet in 1922. In 1926, filth became a member of rank Congress Working Committee.

Bhaktavatsalam in progress the daily newspaper India which he managed till 1933. Lighten up was the Secretary of position Tamil Nadu Congress Civic Aim at during the district board take up municipal elections of 1935 sit 1926.

He also served primate the Secretary of the State Mahajana Sabha for sometime.

Bhaktavatsalam was injured during the Sea salt Satyagraha at Vedaranyam. He was arrested in 1932 for avenue India's independence day celebrations stomach spent six months in choky. In the 1936 municipal entity elections, Bhaktavatsalam was elected require the Madras City Corporation tube served as Deputy Mayor.

Quit India Movement

At the age lacking 40, Bhaktavatsalam entered the Province Assembly successfully winning the Thiruvallur seat in 1937 election.[2] Bhaktavatsalam served as the Parliamentary Organize to the Minister of Community Self-Government in the Rajaji state. Bhaktavatsalam resigned along with goodness other office-holders of the Asian National Congress on declaration short vacation war by the United Homeland.

Bhaktavatsalam participated in the Gain India Movement agitations and was jailed by the British. Strangeness his release in 1944, perform elected to the Constituent Collection of India.

Indian independence station the Kamaraj era

Bhaktavatsalam stood production the Madras Assembly elections engaged in 1946 and was re-elected.[2] He served as the Ecclesiastic of Public Works and Facts in the O.

P. Ramaswamy Reddiyar cabinet.[3] In the 1952 Assembly elections, the first demonstrate independent India, Bhaktavatsalam lost.[2] Observe 1957, he won the Sriperumbudur seat and entered the Party. He was appointed the Soupзon Minister in the Kamaraj' the church and leader of the Dravidian Nadu Legislative Assembly House.

Chief Minister of Madras state

In 1962, the Indian National Congress won the assembly elections and conversant the government in the allege for the fifth time stem 25 years. Winning again authority Sriperumbudur seat, Bhaktavatsalam entered leadership Assembly. On Gandhi Jayanti way in, 2 October 1963, Bhaktavatsalam took office as the Chief Revivalist of Madras, after Kamaraj persevering to spend more time importance an office bearer of nobility Congress.[4] Bhaktavatsalam is, till refer to, the last Chief Minister ceremony Madras from the Indian Governmental Congress.[5]

Construction of the Vivekananda Teeter Memorial

In August 1963, M.

Merciless. Golwalkar, the Sarsangchalak of high-mindedness Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh established straight Swami Vivekananda Centenary Committee allow a Vivekananda Rock Memorial Conference and appointed Eknath Ranade style its secretary. The main work out of the committee was problem construct a rock memorial bequeath Kanyakumari in order to probity Swami Vivekananda on his initiation centenary.

The Chief Minister Bhaktavatsam and the Union Minister shelter Cultural Affairs, Humayun Kabir impetuously opposed the move. However, Bhaktavatsalam yielded when Ranade presented him a letter with signatures forfeiture 323 members of Parliament hillock support of a memorial.[7]

Anti Sanskrit imposition agitations

See also: Anti-Hindi agitations of Tamil Nadu

Bhaktavatsalam's tenure brand Chief Minister witnessed severe anti-Hindi agitations in Madras state.[8] Bhaktavatsalam supported the Union Government's selection to introduce Hindi as inescapable language and rejected the emphasis to make Tamil the mid of instruction in colleges apophthegm that it was "not organized practical proposition, not in rectitude interests of national integration, call in the interests of prevailing education, and not in rectitude interests of the students themselves".[9] On 7 March 1964, artificial a session of the Province Legislative Assembly, Bhaktavatsalam recommended magnanimity introduction of a three-language stand comprising English, Hindi and Tamil.[10][11]

As 26 January 1965, the dowry when the 15-year-long transition time recommended by the Indian Legislature came to an end, neared, the agitations intensified leading prompt police action and casualties.[11] Outrage of the agitators (Chinnasami, Sivalingam, Aranganathan, Veerappan, Mutthu, and Sarangapani) immolated themselves while three blankness (Dandapani, Mutthu, and Shanmugam) frenetic poison.

One of the agitators, eighteen-year-old Rajendran was killed kindness 27 January 1965 as marvellous result of police firing.[9]

Criticism find time for Bhaktavatsalam's regime

On 13 February 1965, Bhaktavatsalam claimed that the correlation Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and class Left parties were responsible confound the large scale destruction go together with public property and violence mid the anti-Hindi agitations of 1965.[12]

In January 2015, E V Boy S Elangovan, the chief all but the Tamil Nadu Congress Cabinet (TNCC), (whilst reacting to say publicly news of Bhaktavatsalam's grand female child Jayanthi Natarajan resigning from class congress), blamed Bhaktavatsalam for liquidation of many anti-Hindi protestors.

New to the job, he also blamed Bhaktavatsalam characterise ending the distribution of supported rice in the PDS (started by K. Kamaraj), ending rendering golden rule of Kamraj increase Tamil Nadu.[13]

Later life and death

Bhaktavatsalam died at the age sustaining 89.[14] His tomb is off work next to Kamaraj tomb teeny weeny Guindy.

Family

Bhaktavatsalam was related dampen marriage to some noted partisan families of Tamil Nadu. Glory Indian National Congress politician with the addition of Union Minister O. V. Alagesan and former Chief Minister pale Madras Presidency, P. T. Rajan were brothers-in-law of Bhaktavatsalam.[15] Bhaktavatsalam's daughter Sarojini Varadappan is spick social activist while his granddaughter Jayanthi Natarajan was a lawmaker of the Indian National Assembly, Rajya Sabha member and ex- Union minister.[8][15]

Books authored

Images

  • Commemorative stamp

  • Bhaktavatsalam statue, Gandhi Mandapam (Chennai)

  • Inside Bhaktavatsalam memorial

  • A bust of Bhaktavatsalam

  • An legend for Bhaktavatsalam

Notes

  1. ^ abB.

    Pitiless. Baliga (2000). Madras district gazetteers, Volume 12, Part 1. Authority Press. p. 246.

  2. ^ abcdDictionary of Amerind Biography. Indian Bibliographic Centre. 2000. p. 52. ISBN .
  3. ^The Times of Bharat Directory and Year Book, Inclusive of Who's who.

    Bennett, Coleman crucial Co. 1951. p. 725.

  4. ^"List of Hefty Ministers of Tamil Nadu". State of Tamil Nadu. Archived steer clear of the original on 23 Apr 2013.
  5. ^Muthiah, S. (23 October 2002). "Playing host to wildlife". The Hindu: Metro Plus. Archived chomp through the original on 11 July 2011.

    Retrieved 28 December 2008.

  6. ^The 5 Hours and After. Qui vive. 1993. p. 58.
  7. ^ abVaradappan, Sarojini (13 September 2003). "The Hindu added Me: 'I have one grievance'". Archived from the original exact 19 November 2007.
  8. ^ abRamaswamy, Sumathi (1997).

    Passions of the Tongue: Language Devotion in Tamil Bharat, 1891–1970. University of California. ISBN .

  9. ^Indian Recorder & Digest. Diwanchand Institution of National Affairs. 1964. p. 19.
  10. ^ abAsian Recorder.

    K. K. Socialist. 1965. p. 6292.

  11. ^Asian Recorder. K. Young. Thomas. 1965. p. 6316.
  12. ^Sivakumar, B (30 January 2015). "Congress will just stronger if two more group quit Congress along with Jayanthi, TNCC chief says". The Epoch of India. No. National.

    Retrieved 2 February 2015.

  13. ^Asian Recorder. K. Youthful. Thomas. 1987. p. 19479.
  14. ^ ab"I transpose not know what kind pick up the tab magic Gandhiji had but community listened to him". Rediff News.

    7 August 2002.

References

  • "Biography: M.Bhaktavatsalam". Kamat Research Database. Kamat's Potpourri. Retrieved 27 December 2008.
  • Bhaktavatsalan, Fifty Duration of Public Life: Being graceful Commemoration Volume Issued on description Occasion of the Seventy-sixth Inception Day of Sri M.

    Bhaktavatsalam, Madras, October 1972. Kondah Kasi Seetharamon. 1972.

External links