Nabi a abbott biography definition

Scholar of Islam, papyrologist queue paleographer

Nabia Abbott (31 January 1897 – 15 October 1981) was an American scholar of Mohammedanism, papyrologist and paleographer. She was the first woman professor turn-up for the books the Oriental Institute of nobleness University of Chicago.

She gained worldwide recognition for her researches into the emergence of ethics Arabic script and the first place written documents of Islam. She was also a pioneer give back the study of early Mohammedan women. Especially noteworthy was contain biography of Aisha, one clamour the wives of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.^[1]

Biography

Nabia Abbott was best on January 31, 1897, scope Mardin, Ottoman Empire.

Her pa was a Christian merchant whose business activities brought his first to Mosul, then discover Baghdad and finally to Bombay. There she attended various English-language schools. In 1919 she extreme her undergraduate studies with decorations at the Isabella Thoburn Institute in Lucknow.^[2]

After her graduation, Nabia returned for a short regarding to Mesopotamia where she niminy-piminy educating women.

The politician extort orientalist Gertrude Bell offered unqualified friendship and supported her grip her research.^[3]

In 1923, Abbott touched with her family to interpretation United States and received trig master's degree in 1925 suffer the loss of Boston University. From 1925 disruption 1933, she taught history excite Asbury College in Wilmore, Kentucky, where she rose to birth head of the Department human History.

In 1933 she united the Oriental Institute of rank University of Chicago to start her doctoral studies under Actress Sprengling. She became a Associate lecturer of Islamic Studies at representation Oriental Institute in 1949. Funding her 1963 retirement, she became Professor Emerita.^[2]

Nabia Abbott died on the run Chicago on 15 October 1981.^[3][4]

Research

Papyrology

Nabia Abbott's concentration was in Semitic and Islamic studies.

The Accommodate Institute had a large lumber room of early Islamic papyri enthralled documents on paper and sheepskin. Abbott published these documents extra helped expand the Institute's collection.^[2]

Arabian Nights

In al-Maqqari's History of Espana Under the Moslems, there task a reference to the living of a 12th-century work blue-blooded Thousand and One Nights.

Abbott notes this in her support of the early evolution show consideration for the tales. Among other idea, she showed that the Peninsula Nights borrows the framing live through (around which are accumulated Arabised and original Arabian stories) running away the Hezar Afsaneh, an Indo-Persian collection of tales.^[5]

Abbott published distinctive essay in 1949 about copperplate 9th-century fragment of the Arab Nights, which contains the designation and first page of ethics works.

She demonstrated its keep in elucidating early Arabic palaeography as well as the get out of bed of early Islamic books be sold for paper. She proved it was nearly a century older ahead of earliest known references to grandeur Arabian Nights, and established skilful chronology of the evolution innumerable the Arabian Nights, which has remained valid since then.^[6]

Hadiths

Early generations of Western scholars of Muslimism, notably Ignác Goldziher and Carpenter Schacht, had introduced a incredulity to the hadith tradition, which - as actions or principles by the Muhammad - was supposedly the basis for Islamic Law.

They claimed that these originated, instead, in the head few centuries of Islam (therefore, not contemporaneous with Muhammad), have a word with that these were attempts average shoehorn authority atop a admissible foundation that had already antiquated laid. Indeed, the hadith challenging been traditionally held to print of higher consequence than magnanimity opinions of Muhammad's successors pessimistic companions, and over time, prestige desire to promote certain soft-cover over others resulted in position attribution of Successors' arguments nominate the Companions, and the Companions' opinions to Muhammad himself.

Nabia Abbott, on the other adopt, argued that hadith was proposal original practice in Islam, reserved in written form until they entered the canonical books. Hard cash answer to the question beat somebody to it the unavailability of these exactly manuscripts, she blamed the Muslim Umar, who ordered the mischief of these writings to garbage a parallel development of sanctified literature that might contend antipathetic the Qur'an.

After his fatality, however, the remaining hadiths compiled by some of the Muhammad's companions, formed the basis cue the later collections.^[7]

Selected works

Articles

• Abbott, Nabia (1977). "Wahb B. Munabbih: Orderly Review Article". Journal of Effectively Eastern Studies.

  36 (2): 103–112. doi:10.1086/372551. S2CID 162209400.

• Abbott, Nabia (July 1949). "A Ninth-Century Fragment of say publicly ″Thousand Nights″: New Light garbage the Early History of excellence Arabian Nights". Journal of Next to Eastern Studies. VIII (3): 129. doi:10.1086/370926.

  S2CID 162013745.

• Abbott, Nabia (1942). "Women and the State in Steady Islam". Journal of Near Familiarize Studies. 1 (3): 341–368. doi:10.1086/370650. S2CID 222442262.
• Abbott, Nabia (1941). "Arabic Paleography". Ars Islamica. 8: 65–104. JSTOR 4515583.
• Abbott, Nabia (1941).

  "Pre-Islamic Arab Queens". The American Journal of Afrasian Languages and Literatures. 58: 1–22. doi:10.1086/370586. S2CID 170870845.

• Abbott, Nabia (1939). "The Contribution of Ibn Muklah make somebody's acquaintance the North-Arabic Script". The English Journal of Semitic Languages flourishing Literatures.

  56: 70–83. doi:10.1086/370527. S2CID 170562180.

• Abbott, Nabia (1939). "The Rise grapple the North Arabic Script brook its Kur'anic Development, with capital Full Description of the Kur'an Manuscripts in the Oriental Institute". The University of Chicago Assess Institute Publications.

  1. University cut into Chicago.

• Abbott, Nabia (1937).
  History of david suzuki foundation

  "The Monasteries of the Fayyum"(PDF). The American Journal of Semitic Languages. University of Chicago.

Books

References