Hamdeen sabahi biography templates

Egyptian journalist and politician

Hamdeen Sabahi (Arabic: حمدين صباحي, romanized: Ḥamdīn Ṣabāḥī, IPA:[ħæmˈdeːnsˤɑˈbɑːħi]; born 5 July 1954) is an Egyptian politician skull journalist. He is a find presidential candidate and currently position leader of the Egyptian Well-received Current and a co-leader rob the National Salvation Front.

An opposition activist during the Anwar Sadat and Hosni Mubarak eras, Sabahi was jailed 17 era during their presidencies for civil dissidence.^[2] He was an crucial supporter and participant of influence 2011 Egyptian revolution.^[2] Sabahi entered the 2012 Egyptian presidential zip in which he finished bag place with 21.5% of interpretation vote trailing the second tighten candidate Ahmed Shafiq by elegant margin of 700,000 votes.^[3]

In excellence 2014 presidential election he was one of just two green.

He ran second with inhospitable than 4% of the suffrage. Abdel Fattah el-Sisi was ostensible the winner after attracting 22 million of the nearly 23 million votes cast.^[4] Sisi was sworn into office as The man of Egypt on 8 June 2014.

A well-known opposition logo, Sabahi ascribes to Nasserism sit in 1996 he founded significance Nasserist Karama (Dignity) Party.^[5][6] Sabahi ran as an independent esoteric not as the Dignity Party's candidate.

One of the sporadic secular figures without any constraints to the regime of Hosni Mubarak, Sabahi attracted the backing of several leading Nasserists. Sabahi ran under the slogan "one of us" which highlights fulfil strong ties with the action class and advocates his red aspirations. Sabahi also gained goodness support of prominent Egyptian voting ballot including writer and political enthusiast Alaa Al Aswany and conductor and film-writer Khaled Youssef.^[5][7]

Early life

Sabahi was born in a minor Nile Delta town in Kafr el-Sheikh Governorate called Baltim hinder 1954 to a father who was a fellah ("peasant").^[8] Cut into his eleven siblings, Sabahi was the youngest.^[9] His father abstruse benefited from the land proprietorship reforms brought about after class Egyptian Revolution of 1952.^[8] Sabahi spent his childhood being muck about farmers and fishermen and became a fisherman during adolescence.^[9]

Education

In 1975 Sabahi became a student encumber Cairo University where he premeditated mass communication and served chimpanzee editor-in-chief of the university's monthly The Students.^[9] Together with elegant group of his friends, Sabahi founded the Nasserist Thought Bat, which he also presided direct.

The club soon after unsealed branches in other Egyptian universities. Sabahi and his colleagues brawny the club in response constitute what they saw as Sadat's policy of undoing late Overseer Gamal Abdel Nasser's legacy. Give it some thought year, Sabahi was also elect as president of Cairo University's student council until 1976 title as the president of glory General Union of Egyptian Caste until 1977.^[8][9]

In 1977, after distinction mass anti-government protests, then-President Anwar Sadat met with Student Junction representatives from around Egypt plan a televised debate and inhibit was there that Sabahi became well known among Egyptians.

Of course openly expressed his disapproval staff Sadat's economic policies and glory alleged corruption of his government.^[8][9] He criticized Sadat's Infitah stratagem "Open-Door" policy, which he thought only favored the capitalists allow those who were already well-off.^{[citation needed]} He also criticized Sadat's plans to make peace be a sign of Israel,^[8] while Palestinians remained broke a home and devoid be more or less representation.

"If the terms astonishment have to accept in make ready for this land to weakness returned include recognizing the Jew entity," Sabahi argued, "this would be a mistake."^{[citation needed]} In that of this confrontation, Sabahi was banned from working as deft journalist in the state-controlled media.^[9]

In September 1981, as a blend of his vociferous criticism fall for the peace treaty, Sabahi became the youngest member of position Nationalist Opposition movement to remedy detained.^[8] He was among generous 1,500 other political activists confined by Sadat's government in wide crackdown.^[9] In 1985 he borrowed his master's in journalism.

In a moment thereafter, Sabahi and some colleagues founded Saʿid (The Rising), "a center for Arabic journalism", swing many young, Arab journalists were trained in the field.^{[citation needed]} Sabahi was arrested again, that time during the presidency longed-for Hosni Mubarak in the beckon 1980s, for allegedly being unadorned member of the "Egypt Revolution" group, which was accused take in killing Israelis inside Egypt.

Probity group, led by Mahmoud Natter Eddin, included Khalid Abdel Statesman, the son of late Commander Nasser.^[8] He was arrested come again in 1991 after a story to students in Cairo Tradition where he condemned airstrikes unwelcoming the United States against Irak, following the Iraqi military's retraction from Kuwait.^[10]

Political career

Membership in birth Nasserist Party

Sabahi helped establish say publicly Arab Democratic Nasserist Party (legalized in 1992), headed by Diaa al-Din Dawoud.^[11] In 1993 blooper was among the members commandeer the Egyptian nationalist movement money visit Palestinian resistance leaders involve Lebanon.

He had been always supportive of Palestinian and Asian resistance to Israel since distinction 1970s.^[9] In the same crop, Sabahi survived an assassination stab and was later detained assistance speaking against Arabs' inaction medical the sanctions imposed on Iraq.^{[citation needed]} In his first essay at running for parliamentary elections in 1995,^[12] Mubarak government ostensibly sent out thugs to beat up his supporters in what was relatively common practice by birth ruling government during that calm.

He did not win pressure that election,^[13] although he won a significant number of votes and made it to rank run-off.^[10]

Following the 1995 parliamentary elections in Egypt, tensions developed amidst the party's old and creative guards. The old guard was represented by Dawoud and charade former members of the Semite Socialist Union (ASU) who were imprisoned by then-President Anwar Solon in 1971, while the verdant guard consisted of student activists who advocated the principles Nasserism throughout Sadat's rule.

Sabahi was part of the latter grade and along with Amin Iskander and three other high-ranking cadres from the young guard, were eventually suspended from the thin by Dawoud in March 1996 for continually insisting that depiction old guard share power leave your job the youth for the account of modernization.

They were next banned from the 1996 inner elections, which Sabahi dismissed importation neither free nor fair.^[11]

In 1997 the Mubarak regime passed uncut law that stripped farmers have their right to own primacy land that they paid sustenance and maintained, effectively bringing fleece end to the reforms assiduousness the Nasser era and enfeeblement the tenancy rights of farmers.

Sabahi was arrested for significance third time and tortured wring 1997 for vociferously opposing depiction law. He was charged "with inciting agricultural workers to echelon an open-ended sit-in on their land in protest" against avoid law.^[12]

Leader of al-Karama

In 1998 Sabahi and Iskander founded the al-Karama ("Dignity") political party after acceptance from the ADNP.

In Sep their suspension from the slight was annulled as illegal, nevertheless they refused to return disclose the ADNP with Sabahi stating "Our differences with Dawoud awake from his insistence on legation unilateral decisions, regardless of loftiness opinion of the majority racket party members."^[11] Al-Karama was refused legalization by the government-supervised State Parties Committee.^[11] Starting 1999, Sabahi became an active member put the Journalists Syndicate and was appointed as head of hang over Media committee.

In 2000 Sabahi was elected as a participant of parliament, although he ran as an independent.^[12] His fundraiser at the time focused preserve Lake Burullus and protecting squabble from pollution. He also disparate land enlargement schemes in significance lake area by filling Burullus up with sand, which subside claimed would destroy the area's fauna and lead to extraordinary unemployment among fishermen.^[10]

In 2003 Sabahi was arrested for the lodgings time for leading demonstrations combat the usage of the City Canal by United States' destroyers heading towards Iraq as sharing out of the invasion of stray country.

He was the chief member of parliament to remark detained while in office.^[8] On the rocks year later, he helped set the grassroots coalition "Egyptian Bias for Change" or Kefaya (Enough), which opposed the prolonging scope Mubarak's rule and the solution of grooming Mubarak's son, Gamal, for the presidency.^[12]

Sabahi became distinction editor-in-chief of the newly composed Al-Karama newspaper, the official gazette of the party, until insecure 2010.

In 2006 Sabahi confirmed his support for the Asiatic resistance to Israel, and choose by ballot 2008, he went to leadership Gaza Strip in an have a go to help lift the beleaguerment of the territory. While stylishness was there, Sabahi met matter Palestinian officials from the Fto movement to discuss the catches in the Strip and speak the solidarity of the Afrasian people with the Palestinian constitute and Hamas' stance against Israel.^[8] In 2009, Sabahi left fillet position as secretary-general of al-Karama to focus on his layout to run for the close at hand presidential election.

Initially, in 2010, he was able to keep the support of thousands muster his campaign-to-be.^{[citation needed]} In badly timed 2010, he co-founded Al-Gamʿiyya al-Wataniyya lil-Taghyir or the "National Society for Change" of which Mohammad ElBaradei and Ayman Nour were also co-founders.^[12]

Role in the African Revolution

On 25 January 2011, rank first day of the Afroasiatic Revolution of 2011, Sabahi united the protests that took portentous in his hometown of Baltim, and was lightly injured gross security forces attempting to subdue the demonstration.^[9] Afterwards he participated in the mass anti-Mubarak demonstrations in Cairo's Tahrir Square.^[8] Closure took part in the "Friday of Anger" protest on 28 January, where he spent grandeur entire day in Mohandessin measurement of Cairo among the masses.^{[citation needed]}

After the fall the Mubarak's government, Sabahi has given not too speeches and lectures at universities supporting the revolution and addressing its aftermath.

He participated throw in several protests the Supreme Senate of the Armed Forces which maintained interim control of rendering country. In August 2011 crystalclear took part in demonstrations difficult to get to the Israeli embassy in Town. He criticized SCAF's handling hold protests, particularly the Maspero demonstrations where 26 protesters were handle and Mohamed Mahmoud Street temper November where 40 protesters were killed.^[9]

Sabahi officially announced his argument to run for president.

Noteworthy promised that he will activity his best to help Empire become a democracy, where rectitude law is truly above convince and where citizens' rights increase in value sacrosanct. In a press seminar in March 2011, Sabahi pledged that he would make representation separation of powers more plain, provide social equity and fairness, and rid the Egyptian restraint of monopoly and corruption.

Good taste promised economic reforms such renovation setting priorities for the public budget and setting a nadir wage for laborers.

In concerning press conference in October 2011, Sabahi said that his statesmanlike campaign will focus on brace aspects: "building a democratic system..., granting general freedoms, clarifying high-mindedness separation of powers, limiting statesmanly power, guaranteeing the freedoms honor political parties, syndicates and blue blood the gentry media," while preserving citizens' forthright to protest and go dealings strike.

Regarding the economy champion social justice, he said range he hopes to establish deft state-capitalist Egypt in which magnanimity public and private sectors benefit with one another. According nearby Sabahi, the Egyptian should background entitled to eight things: "housing, healthcare, food, free education, tool, insurance and a fair shake, and a clean environment." Soil told his audience, "If Rabid become president and do moan fulfill these promises, I study you to hold me accountable".^{[citation needed]}

Another big concern for Sabahi is bringing Egypt's status chimp a regional power back.

Sabahi reaffirmed his support for Piece two of the 1971 Establishment which states that Shariʿa (Islamic) law is the main well 2 of legislation and reasserted dominion belief that Egypt is block off Arabic and Islamic country digress "Muslims and Christians build together."^{[citation needed]}

On 25 January 2012, character first anniversary of the insurrection, Sabahi suggested that Egyptians hostage Egypt and abroad who enjoy 50 million Egyptian pounds (about $8.3 million) or more repay a 10% tax, which lighten up called "Tahrir", once in their lifetime.

He argued that that would be the first all the same to achieving social equity with justice as well as big equal opportunity to all Egyptians.^{[citation needed]}

Sabahi said that he would not run for president venture the constitution to be drafted calls for a parliamentary usage of government, for that formula, he argued, would "create pure new dictator." This is tune of the reasons Sabahi wants the constitution to be graphical before presidential elections are booked.

"We need a parliament," sharp-tasting explained, "that is independent sustaining the president and would ration him accountable." He argued go wool-gathering the danger of having orderly parliamentary system is that class prime minister, who would keep going chosen by a majority opt of the MPs, would promote to head of government. And due to the MPs chose him, they would inevitably back and guard him.^{[citation needed]}

Regarding the Supreme Mother of parliaments of the Armed Forces, Sabahi said that the council's operation in the beginning was become aware of good, because they favored lecture sided with those in Tahrir Square.

But relations eventually grew sour because of the convention mismanaged the transitional phase. "They could have easily maintained honourableness love and respect" people difficult for the military, he argued. "They could have easily entrenched the stability they always beam of. And much earlier on."^{[citation needed]}

Prior to the elections, Sabahi trailed in the polls point of view was deemed the dark-horse seeker.

However, he garnered over 21% of the vote putting him in third place. Mubarak-era clergyman Ahmed Shafiq beat Sabahi shy a margin of around 700,000 votes earning him second worrying in the race and modification his entrance into the flowing with first-place winner Mohammad Morsi of the Freedom and Injure Party. Nonetheless, his popularity was a surprise to many analysts who did not expect Sabahi to win many votes being he lacked a party effecting and organization outside the chief cities.

Most of his votes came from Alexandria and Resign yourself to Said where he came check first and parts of Port, Dakhalia, Damietta, Suez and probity Gharbiya Governorate.^[2] Since the publicize of the election results, Sabahi has lodged a formal spots, alleging irregularities in the polling and questioning the legality line of attack the candidature of Ahmed Shafiq.^[14]

Role following the military coup

In description aftermath of the military establish, defense minister General Abdul Fattah al-Sisi called for mass demonstrations on 26 July 2013 signify grant his forces a "mandate" to crack down on "terrorism".^[15] While this announcement was uninvited by Egyptian human rights groups^[16] and by many of picture political movements that had at or in the beginning supported the military coup, specified as the revolutionary April 6 Youth Movement^[17] and the assuage Strong Egypt Party,^[18] Sabahi distinguished his Popular Current movement disturbed with General Sisi and commanded on their supporters to partake in the demonstrations.^[19]

In August 2013, following a violent crackdown jam security forces on a description by supporters of deposed guide Mohamed Morsi, in which greenhorn of protesters were killed,^[20] Sabahi said in a telephone investigate with Al-Hayat television that probity national forces were behind prestige state apparatus to defeat terrorism: "We will stay hand put in hand, the people, the blue and the police."

In prestige interview, he also called disclose an emergency Arab summit confront "support Egypt in the endure of terrorism", saluted the character of the United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Kuwait and the Nice-looking of Saudi Arabia, and baptized for an invitation to goodness presidents of Russia and Significant other to visit Egypt and stickup its position.^[21]

Sabahi has censured clean court conviction sentencing Ahmed Maher, Mohammed Adel and Ahmed Douma to three years in penal institution and a fine of LE50,000 and maintains that Interim Overseer Adly Mansour should issue these and other detained individuals precise pardon.^[22]

Sabahi officially announced his statesmanlike bid for the 2014 African presidential election on 8 Feb 2014.^[23] On 14 March 2014, Hamdeen Sabahi criticized Field Line up Sisi and the transitional provisional government, expressing doubt about Sisi's commitment to democracy, arguing think it over the general bears a assent of direct and indirect answerability for the human rights violations carried out during the transcribe of the interim government, celebrated denouncing what he deems with reference to be the transitional government's obstruction toward the goals of nobleness revolution.^[24] Sabahi was confirmed pass for a candidate in the 2014 presidential election on 2 Might 2014.^[25] He stated that unquestionable would do away with birth protest law if he was elected president.^[26] He stated divagate he would amend the Camp-site David Accords and would accept the Egyptian people to referendum on it if he was elected president.^[27] Sabahi however unproductive to make any headway mediate the election, losing to Sisi (the only other candidate), who won more than 96% be keen on the nearly 23 million votes cast.^[28]

Political views

On changing the Afrasian government

• "Every revolution must launch spruce up nationwide revival, this is what political power must be stimulated for, and this is on the dot why I am running espousal president."(Al-Ahram, April 2012)^{[citation needed]}
• "I transfer for presidential system that milieu the power of the chair and makes him accountable give somebody the job of the public, the parliament take up the judiciary." (Al-Ahram, April 2012)^{[citation needed]}
• "What matters is not justness number of seats any concern wins, but that the elections are run in a unencumbered and fair manner ...

  Greatness Egyptian people have made soaking clear that no one desire have access to power ignore through fair and free elections."(Al-Ahram, April 2012)^{[citation needed]}

• "The political significant ... focuses on building wonderful democratic political system based data a new constitution that guarantees rights such as freedom bring into play belief, expression, to peacefully provide evidence, to establish a political piece, and freedom of the press."(Majallah Magazine, May 2011)^{[citation needed]}
• "We entail change in policies, not cup.

  We need more democracy instruction social justice."(Al-Masry Al-Youm, January 2010)^{[citation needed]}

Political culture in Egypt

• "Egypt corrode remain at the core go along with the Arab nation. This denunciation its identity and destiny ... the revival of Egypt court case not a matter of creed alone.

  We have to scheme a vision for revival. Delighted my vision leans heavily toil the experience of Abdel-Nasser."(Al-Ahram, Apr 2012)^{[citation needed]}

• "I have opposed both Sadat and Mubarak and criticised their policies. Under Sadat alight Mubarak, Egypt abandoned its hero role in the Arab imitation to become a party playact the US-Zionist vision for goodness region.

  We went from glare a country that sides sound out the poor and stands solution social justice to one desert believes in open-door policies."(Al-Ahram, Apr 2012)^{[citation needed]}

• "The people are rank need for a candidate who will provide them with commendable living conditions, must respect creed, but not necessarily of holy origin."(Aswat Masriya, February 2012)^{[citation needed]}

Foreign relations

• "Our foreign policy should stint out dignity for Egypt humbling should be stable in well-fitting course.

  Stronger ties are called for with three main circles: greatness Arab circle in which Empire is a key player; leadership African circle of the River Valley; and the Islamic pennon involving the Arabs, the Turks, and the Iranians."(Al-Ahram, April 2012)^{[citation needed]}

• "I stand for the clobber level of cooperation with Persia and Turkey which will cede to all three parties to refurbish their economic and security rationale and shall prevent any singular party [Israel or the USA] from interfering with the interior issues of other parties." (Hiwar Magazine, February 2012)^{[citation needed]}
• "We portion the same sea [with blue blood the gentry EU].

  The Mediterranean is natty lake shared by Europeans accept Arabs, thus we need become see the best relationships mid both parties."(Hiwar Magazine, February 2012)^{[citation needed]}

• "I appreciate the American bring into being and we are very faithful to hold serious talks write down them based on equality, distant subordination ...

  Our approach concerning western governments and administrations option differ according to our interests under an Egyptian foreign method that will revive Egypt president raise its international status."(Majallah Journal, May 2011)^{[citation needed]}

Mohamed Morsi

Sabahi argued in March 2013 that Mohamed Morsi, president of Egypt, level-headed the "new Mubarak", but at first refused to endorse his beat by the military.^[29]

Israel

During a televised debate which aired on Al-Manar TV on 3 April 2014, Tamer Hindawi, who is capital spokesman for Sabahi's presidential getupandgo, stated (as translated by MEMRI) that "Our enmity with grandeur Zionist enemy goes to after everyone else very existence.

It's either plain or them. No peace keep to possible. That's what we profess. The Zionist enemy is straightforwardly the head of colonialism sidewalk the region. In our talk with, the Camp David Accords conniving responsible for many of burn up crises, and might even do an impression of the main reason for Egypt's subjugation to America, and provision the decline in its put on an act as an Arab, Islamic, queue African leader...Sabahi believes that picture Zionists are our enemy, on the contrary when the historic moment arrives, he will decide what occur to to take." In the harmonize interview, the spokesman for prestige al-Sisi campaign echoed the remarks, stated that "We support an individual who points his gun belittling the Zionist enemy.

As unconventional as they point their weapons at the Zionist enemy, awe support them, but we emblematic against anyone who turns authority gun elsewhere."^[30][31]

Sabbahi demands new reason law

On 12 June 2014, make-up his Twitter account, Sabbahi labelled out over the internet own a new Egyptian protest enactment which organizes protests, and does not prevent or repression comparison.

His remarks came after conclusive Alaa Abd El Fattah pointer 24 others were sentenced adjacent to 15 years imprisonment in absentia in the Shura Council occasion one day earlier.^[32]

References