Biografia de jose maria heredia biography

Cuban-born rhymer (–)

Not to be confused mess up José-Maria de Heredia.

José María Herediay Heredia, also known as José María Heredia y Campuzano (December 31, – May 7, ) was a Cuban-born poet reasoned by many to be class first romantic poet of class Americas^[1][2] and the initiator remind you of Latin American romanticism.^[3][4] More latterly, this view has been suitable, highlighting Heredia's roots in Neoclassicism and the aesthetics of eighteenth-century Sensibility.^[5] He is known by reason of "El Cantor del Niagara" come first regarded as one of grandeur most important poets in say publicly Spanish language.^[6] He has extremely been named National Poet decay Cuba.

Heredia studied at say publicly University of Havana, and ordinary a law degree in Efficient the autumn of he was arrested on a charge stand for conspiracy against the Spanish management for participating in pro-independence activities against the Spanish authorities, nearby was sentenced to banishment confirm life.^[7] To avoid the ruling, Heredia fled to the Allied States and spent two epoch in New York City just as he was ^[8] He redouble took refuge in Mexico slice For a few months smartness was one of the editors of the literary magazine El Iris.^[9] He became naturalized tempt a citizen of Mexico become peaceful obtained a post as bailie.

Many of his earlier orts are merely clever translations evade French, English and Italian; nevertheless his originality is placed disappeared doubt by such poems primate the Himno del desterrado, illustriousness epistle to Emilia, Desengaños, with the celebrated ode to Niágara.^[7] One of his most famous poems was called "En Running away Teocalli de Cholula," which explores the universality of nature add-on immense beauty of indigenous tearing down.

In common with a back number of Spanish and Latin Land Romantics, his intellectual formation was in Neoclassicism, and indeed enthrone poetry is notable for secure perfection of form as convulsion as (often) the sincerity famous depth of his feelings. Heredia published a first edition make famous his poems (Poesías) during her majesty stay in New York, incline , to great acclaim both in the Americas and drag Western Europe.

Andrés Bello (from his exile in London) gift Alberto Lista (from Spain) recognize the precociousness of Heredia, adulatory the originality and freshness longawaited his poetry. A significantly distended second collection, that included revised versions of many of decency poems found in the before edition, saw the light overcome Toluca in , also publicised by Heredia himself.

In oversight obtained permission to visit Island for two months to unify with his mother. Disappointed shore his political ambitions, and tractable fearless in health, Heredia returned foster Mexico in January , add-on died in Mexico City smooth as glass 7 May

Childhood

José María Heredia was born in Santiago educate Cuba on December 31, ,^[7] to parents José Francisco Heredia Mieses and Mercedes Heredia Campuzano-Polanco natives of Santo Domingo.^[10] Because a young boy in Country, he learned how to pore over and write Latin and Hellenic and translated famous works much as Homer, Horace, and carefulness classical authors and texts.^[8] Appease spent the majority of government upbringing in Santo Domingo apply for his family moved there considering that he was still a squat child.

His father was ordained Magistrate at the Court chuck out Caracas, and the family hurt to Venezuela because of reward job.^[11]

Middle years

He returned to State from Venezuela in and consequently registered at the University go with Havana at the young cover of He did not beam at the University of Havana long; he continued his life's work the following year in Mexico.

The death of his father confessor, José Francisco Heredia, in caused his son José María give somebody the job of return to Cuba the followers year from Mexico.^[11]

Heredia in high-mindedness United States

Heredia's time in honesty United States lasted from Dec 4, , until August 22, The reason his time run in the United States was cut short was because fiasco was extended a personal inducement from Guadalupe Victoria, the head of Mexico at the repel, for a permanent residency monitor Mexico.

As a "youth reminisce twenty with an abhorrence let somebody see English," he traveled between cities: Boston, New York, New Holy of holies, Philadelphia.^[12] While in these cities, he lived in boarding housing with fellow Cuban exiles crestfallen tourists. Among the Cubans Heredia encountered, they were "restless run into leave the United States reach any Spanish-speaking territory not hang Spanish Rule."^[12] Even though explicit did not manage to cut the literary spheres of Northern America (at the time), reward two years spent in fugitive in the United States castoffs increasingly critical with regard comparable with his major works.

His attraction for liberty grew as subside discovered in his travels at hand the rewarding activity of liberated men; as he learned however read in English and print the prose of his US-American literary counterparts. Also, the font found throughout North America, vastly Niagara Falls, played a colossal role in his most considerable and famous works.

His central theme spent in exile in significance United States aided in direction a community of readers go off at a tangent also experienced the same mode.

Romanticism

José María Heredia spent distinct years in exile in authority United States and Mexico, call off from his homeland, Cuba.

Visit of his poems, for earth was a prominent poet, mirror a mixture of tropical lasciviousness and dreamy melancholy, which castoffs often inspired by his homesickness. The force and beauty advance nature and the focus assembly individuality emerges strongly in jurisdiction poems. Latin American Romanticism contains many qualities, all of which can be found in Heredia's most popular poems.

"Elements burst thought, style, manner that desire typical of Romanticism in greatness humanities, and especially in belles-lettres, are: (1) a focus blame the individual; (2) a faithfulness to personal and political freedom and freedom; (3) passion start terms of emotions and ethics expression of individuality that hawthorn include suffering; (4) appreciation carry out and treatment of new foray matters in art and gist that include extremes such monkey the sublime or the guardian on the one hand topmost the ugly or grotesque bump the other hand; (5) musicalness in music and poetry counting melodramatic personal styles and white lie in the theater or drama; (6) foregrounding of sensitivity (la sensibilidad; lo sensible) to provide, the poor and the sick to one's stomach, etc.; and (7) discovery assortment inclusion in the humanities disruption what traditional Latin American company, which had been dominated dampen culture from France, Spain, brook Portugal, had been seen considerably exotic (i.e., coming from Accumulation, Oceania, or the Middle Chow down, etc.)."^[13]

It has been said renounce "if the United States esoteric Walt Whitman and Edgar Allan Poe, Latin America had integrity Cuban poet Heredia" in good wishes to the prominence and storybook importance of his poetry.^[14] Give compared to the great [North] American writers of the Dreamy Movement shows who his gratuitous was characterized by the stylings of romanticism.

His Romanticism shambles that of the search endure longing for freedom, both public and literary. To this flattering, his poetry comes directly take from his life.

Important works

"En find objectionable Teocalli de Cholula" ("On justness Teocalli of Cholula" in English) and "Niagara" are his get bigger important poems.

His poetry lasts both because of the dealings matter and for the from the bottom of one` personal feeling in the scowl. Nature is clearly depicted flash the fashion of the Ideal Era and mirrors his holy and emotional states. Nature experience as his freedom. In these poems, the poet praises blue blood the gentry natural beauty of both Americas.

The most prominent Romantic discourse in Heredia is the omnipresent involvement of his life blessed his poetry as well kind the dark notes of stain, melancholy and gloominess that mantle his writings.^[15]

"On the Teocalli warning sign Cholula"

Heredia's fascination with the Nahuatl Ruins is immensely contingent glossed the thematics of Romanticism.

Evocative of the ghostly past, tap calls forth a feeling presumption death and mystery of decency Romantic Era. Written after probity death of his father send back Mexico, a lyrical voice memoirs the melancholy of watching grandeur sunset over the fields call upon the valley of Anahuac, trip after, reflecting on the loss of the pyramid builders give orders to how the times have changed.^[16]

"Niagara"

Niagara Falls was easily made unprejudiced to the public thanks communication the completion of the Wonderful Canal in Its existence excited national and foreign romantics prefer witness in awe this aspect of the forces of manner.

Heredia stood in great marvel and "projected his anguished feelings into its powerful flow present-day fall and swirl."^[12] The "Niágara" was originally published in Heredia's first collection, entitled Poesías, obtainable in New York, The thesis of a fissure or aperture in the relationship between investigation and object appears in "Niágara" to coincide with his pat of split or torn amidst countries.

Editions

With the exception collide a few isolated poems, Heredia's work has not been translated into English. Among the assorted Spanish-language editions stands out depiction critical edition of Heredia's rhyme, by Tilmann Altenberg, Poesías completas de José María Heredia (Madrid/Frankfurt: Iberoamericana/Vervuert, ).^[17]

References

External links