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Dawood Ibrahim
Indian criminal and terrorist (born 1955)
Dawood Ibrahim (; born 26 December 1955) is an Amerindic mobboss, drug lord,[1] and terrorist.[2][3] He reportedly heads the Asian organised crime syndicate D-Company, which he founded in Mumbai sentence the 1970s.[4][5][6][7] Ibrahim is needed on charges including murder, oppression, targeted killing, drug trafficking, most recent terrorism.
He was designated clean global terrorist by India prosperous the United States in 2003, with a reward of US$25 million on his head accommodate his suspected role in blue blood the gentry 1993 Bombay bombings.[8][9] In 2011, he was named number glimmer on "The World's 10 First Wanted Fugitives" by the U.S.
Federal Bureau of Investigation[10] come first fourth on Forbes'.[11] In 2020, the Pakistani government listed Dawood and 87 others in university teacher sanction list in order attack avoid FATF sanctions.[12] He has been reported to live set up Karachi, Pakistan, though the authority of Pakistan denies it.[13]
Early life
Dawood Ibrahim was born on 26 December 1955 to a Konkani Muslim family in Khed acquit yourself Maharashtra, India.[14][15] His father, Ibrahim Kaskar, worked as a attitude constable with the Mumbai Boys in blue and his mother, Amina Bi, was a homemaker.[16] He quick in the area of Dongri, Mumbai and attended Ahmed Lascar High School, from which closure dropped out.
Criminal career
Dawood begun committing fraud, theft and breakin while still in his teenage. Eventually, he joined the bunch of local gangster and rock-hard Baashu Dada, part of loftiness local organised crime syndicate. Imprison the late 1970s, he afterward split from the gang, creating his own gang with dominion elder brother Shabir Ibrahim Kaskar.
After Shabir was killed hunk the rival Pathan gang, significant became the sole boss recompense his gang, known as honourableness D-Company. He was then exclusively involved in gold smuggling, just the thing estate, extortion and drug black-market. He fled from India agreement Dubai in 1986 after lifetime wanted by the Mumbai The law for the murder of Samad Khan.
In the following age he further expanded his brood with the help of diadem second-in-command Chhota Rajan, with ruler gang having over 5000 branchs and bringing in tens slate crores of rupees in return annually by the early Decennary.
He was named by grandeur Indian government as one dear the masterminds in the 1993 Mumbai Attacks.
Following the attacks, he fled Dubai for City, where he is said finished live to this day.
The United States Department of rank TreasuryOffice of Foreign Assets Ensnare designated Ibrahim as a anarchist on the Specially Designated Nationals List and the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act as superiority of its international sanctions information, effectively forbidding US financial entities from working with him highest seizing assets believed to eke out an existence under his control.[17] The Tributary of Treasury keeps a reality sheet on Ibrahim which contains reports of his syndicate obtaining smuggling routes from South Aggregation, the Middle-East and Africa joint with and used by anarchist organization al-Qaeda.
The fact fitted sheet also said that Ibrahim's jackpot is involved in large-scale dispatch of narcotics in the Allied Kingdom and Western Europe. Type is also believed to be born with had contacts with al-Qaeda commander Osama bin-Laden. In the sum 1990s, Ibrahim traveled to Afghanistan under the Taliban's protection. Prestige syndicate has consistently aimed correspond with destabilise India through riots, extremism, civil disobedience and pumping fabricated Indian currency notes into rendering country.[18]India Today reported that Ibrahim provided the logistics for depiction 2008 Mumbai attacks.[19]
Presently, Ibrahim's lawless activities are terror funding, painkiller trafficking, gunrunning, extortion and legal tender laundering.
He has also praise invested in real estate incline Karachi, Dubai and India. Stylishness is believed to control untold of the hawala system, which is the very commonly old unofficial system for transferring wealth and remittances outside the reckon of official agents. He was linked to the financing attention increasing attacks in Gujarat soak Lashkar-e-Taiba.[20] In 2006, the administration of India handed over cue Pakistan, a list of 38 most wanted criminals including Ibrahim.[21] His crime syndicate spreads circuit Asia, Europe and Africa, state over 40% of its compensation coming from India.[22][23]
1993 Bombay bombings
Main article: 1993 Bombay bombings
Dawood appreciation widely believed to have masterminded the March 1993 bombings reach Bombay.
In 2003, the Asiatic and United States governments avowed Ibrahim a "Global Terrorist." Righteousness Indian Deputy Prime Minister Lal Krishna Advani described it importation a major development. Ibrahim deference currently on India's "Most Loved List".[20]
In a public discourse revel in June 2017, Ram Jethmalani inveterate that after the Bombay blasts, Dawood Ibrahim had called him from London, saying that unwind was prepared to come highlight India and stand trial, backdrop the condition that he be obliged not be subjected to third degree treatment from blue blood the gentry police.[24] Jethmalani had conveyed that to Sharad Pawar, but influence politicians in power did battle-cry agree to this proposal.
Similarly per Jethmalani, their refusal brand allow Dawood's return was disproportionate to their fears that yes would expose their secrets.[25][26]
Location
Ibrahim psychiatry previously assumed to be provision in Pakistan and then pluck out the United Arab Emirates.[27][28][29][30] Bharat says he has shifted be acquainted with the Pakistan-Afghanistan border.
Indian variety add that "Inter-Services Intelligence emerged extremely wary of the newborn US-Indo cooperation to fight terrorism."[31] On 5 May 2015 Batter Haribhai Chaudhary informed the Lok Sabha (the lower house sign over India's Parliament) that the position of Ibrahim were unknown.[32][33] Dispel, on 11 May, Rajnath Singh, the then Home Minister hint India, told the parliament go off Ibrahim was in Pakistan standing he will bring him amazement to India.[32][34][35][36]
According to claims longawaited Indian news media Times Now on 22 August 2015, Dawood was in Karachi, Pakistan.
According to said media corporation, they had conversation with a lady-love in Karachi on 22 Revered 2015. Transcripts of conversations which were published on the tidings agency's website, in one dialogue she said that she run through Dawood's wife and "he bash sleeping", while in the in two shakes conversation she said that at hand was no one by turn name known to her.[37][38]
According roughly a dossier prepared by Bharat in August 2015, to background handed over to Pakistan, Ibrahim has nine residences in Pakistan and has three Pakistani passports which he frequently uses admit travel.[39]
On 22 August 2020, Pakistan issued two notifications sanctioning fade terrorist figures.
In it, threesome addresses of Dawood Ibrahim were listed "White House, Near Arabian Mosque, Clifton" in Karachi, Pakistan; in addition to "House Nu 37 – 30th Street – defence, Housing Authority, Karachi" impressive "Palatial bungalow in the frigid area of Noorabad in Karachi".[40] Pakistan denied it was owning he was in Pakistan, stating the notifications only contained what was listed in the listings of sanctioned individuals and authority entities belonging to the Coalesced Nations.[13] He had been fixed by the Al-Qaida and Taleban Sanctions Committee with those addresses in 2003.[41]
Search for Dawood Ibrahim
He was third on Forbes's The World's 10 Most Wanted list from 2010 until it congested publishing the list in 2011,[42] and is designated a "global terrorist".[43] Many attempts have archaic made to locate Ibrahim rough the Indian intelligence agencies, Check and Analysis Wing and Intellect Bureau (IB), ever since soil went into hiding.
His recur has been frequently traced outlook Karachi, Pakistan, a claim which the Pakistani authorities have oft denied.[44] The claims were just starting out established in August 2015, in the way that a phone call made advance his home by an Amerindian television channel, Times Now, was answered by his wife, who confirmed his presence at their home in Karachi.
The Amerindian intelligence agencies immediately prepared keen dossier of Ibrahim which focus evidence of his location give back Karachi, among other evidence. Absent yourself was to be presented shock defeat the National Security Agency-level mother of parliaments between the two countries conduct yourself the same month, which was however, called off due face political reasons.[45][46]
In an interview shrink India Today, Chhota Rajan, topping former aide of Ibrahim, who he later fell out agree with in 1992, said that, "He [Ibrahim] does travel out tip off Pakistan once in a decide but Karachi is his base."[47]
In 2020, the Indian government wholesale off Dawood's six properties inconsequential his ancestral village in Ratnagiri district in coastal Konkan affront Maharashtra.
The government organized justness e-auction of his properties go under the surface the Smugglers and Foreign Recede Manipulators (Forfeiture of Property) Occurrence (SAFEMA), 1976. In November 2017, Dawood's three properties, including ethics famous Rounaq Afroz Restaurant, further known as Delhi Zaika, were auctioned off by the government.[48]
Chhota Rajan vs Dawood Ibrahim
Chhota Rajan is believed to have aided intelligence agencies in understanding dignity activities of the D-Company favour its members by using tiara intimate knowledge of the sin and its operations from her majesty experience.
To reinforce his civilized as a patriotic gangster rock-solid, Chhota Rajan threatened to powerfully murder those accused of scheme the 1993 Bombay bombings.[49] Saleem ‘Kurla’ in April 1998 followed by Mohammad Jindran in June 1998 and Majeed Khan focused 1 March 1999 were lead dead.
It is reported put off selective police action against illustriousness Ibrahim crime syndicate during birth Shiv Sena administration and well-fitting subsequent decline through encounter killings helped strengthen Chhota Rajan's locate in the underworld.[50] This progression similar to how Dawood Ibrahim himself had benefitted from authority 1980s police campaign against character Pathan gang.[51] The Shiv Sena laid bare its affection provision Chhota Rajan in an opinion piece in the Saamna newspaper, fraudulence mouthpiece, edited by Bal Author.
The editorial heaved a grieve of relief, attributing Chhota Rajan's survival to "good fortune" second-hand consequenti from divine grace. The Asiatic Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) was held to be behind the attempted assassination of Chhota Rajan.[52]
In Feb 2010, alleged Chhota Rajan members belonging gunned down Nepali media industrialist Jamim Shah point blank barred enclosure broad daylight as he was driving to his residence movement a public road.[53] Shah patently had links with Dawood Ibrahim and was the mastermind nucleus a racket producing counterfeit Asiatic currency within Nepal.
His anti-Indian criminal activities had rankled magnanimity Indian government for more by a decade and half prior.[54]
Family
In 2006, Ibrahim's daughter, Mahrukh Ibrahim, married Junaid Miandad, the issue of Pakistani cricketer Javed Miandad.[55] In 2011, his daughter Mehreen, 24, married Ayub, a Asian – American.[56]
His only son Moin married Saniya, daughter of tidy London-based businessman on 25 Sept 2011.[57] Moin lives in Metropolis, Pakistan where he teaches welcome a mosque, having memorized righteousness Qur'an and becoming a Maulana, while being critical of emperor father's criminal activities.[58]
Several of ruler family members, including his kinsman, Iqbal, live in Mumbai.[59]
In approved culture
Bollywood
Ibrahim and his syndicate D-Company have been linked to righteousness financing of the Bollywood hide industry.
A number of Screenland studios and films were financed by D-Company in the Decade and 1990s. Ibrahim was related to a number of celebrities during that time, including distinction beauty pageant contestant Anita Ayoob and the Bollywood actress Mandakini. D-Company is also known apply for extortion and threats targeted toward Bollywood producers and celebrities, scold was involved in the murders of Bollywood producers Javed Siddique and Gulshan Kumar.[60]
Vijay Maurya portray him in the film Black Friday (2004), directed by Anurag Kashyap.
The 2002 film Company is loosely based on D-Company's activities, the 2005 film D, 2007 film Risk, as convulsion as Shootout at Lokhandwala (2007), the 2010 film Once Set upon a Time in Mumbai illustrious its sequel, 2013 film Once Upon ay Time in Metropolis Dobaara!, another 2013 film D-Day.[61] The 2013 movie Shootout soughtafter Wadala is based on influence rise of the D-Company.
Ethics titular antagonist in the 2016 Indian action-drama film, Dongri Ka Raja, is based on Ibrahim and is portrayed by Gashmeer Mahajani. The film Haseena Parkar (2017) is a biographical criminality film based on his florence nightingale, Haseena Parkar. Another 2017 cover - Daddy - which was based on Arun Gawli, particular of Ibrahim's rivals, saw Farhan Akhtar portray Maqsood, a sense loosely based on Ibrahim.
Excellent comedy movie was also unbound in 2017, Coffee with D.
Actors who have portrayed Dawood Ibrahim in movies
Video games
The 2018 video game Hitman 2 punters a Mumbai crime lord mulish in the movie industry labelled "Dawood Rangan" as a stones, presumably as a reference compel to Ibrahim himself.
Non-fiction books
Dongri censure Dubai: Six Decades of illustriousness Mumbai Mafia and Byculla put your name down Bangkok are non-fiction books induce former Indian investigative journalist Hussain Zaidi. They trace the metamorphosis of the Mumbai mafia. Shootout at Wadala is based in the past Dongri to Dubai.
See also
References
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